STORY OF ENGLISH
1. Q.) Write a note on the importance of English for Indians.
Ans:— English is very important for Indians in this age of science, technology and global market economy. In the past, English opened new vistas to the latest knowledge acquired by the Western countries for Indians. It also played remarkable role in providing a link language to India having different regional languages.This language had its own role in India's freedom struggle by providing it a national dimension. Today India as a developing country, requires the learning of this language more. A working knowledge of English is necessary for getting a job in private sector. English is the language of Computers and Internet. India cannot become a developed country without the knowledge of English by her larger population.
2. Q.) Who were known as the University Wits ?
Ans:— University wits is a group of English dramatist, who wrote in the 16th century and were educated at the universities Oxford and Cambridge. They significantly influenced the development of English drama. The group includes- John Lyly, Robert Greene, George Peele, Thomas Lodge, Thomas Nashe, Thomas Kyd and Christopher Marlowe.
3. Q.) Write a note on the future of English in India. [2019]
Ans:— The future of English is very bright in India because of its vast scope of utilization. English is the link language of the country. It is spreading far and wide in India. India is a developing country. This is the age of science, technology and global market economy. The working knowledge of English is very important for indians in this age. English is the language of computers and internet. Without its knowledge India cannot become a developed country. Today we cannot progress without English. English has become an international language and it has a future in India because of globalization. So we can say that the future of English in India is bright.
4. Q.) Write a note on the development of Indian poetry in English. [2019]
Ans:— The growth of Indian poetry in English was the result of British Rule In India. The early poets were influenced by the British and American poets that they imitated their style of writing. Later on, with the advent of poets like Derozio, Kashi Prasad Joshi, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Toru Dutt, the element of Indianness started creeping in the language, theme and style of writing. Poets like Rabindra Nath Tagore and Sarojini Naidu became world-wide known because they brought India on the world platform. Others worth mentioning are Kamala Das, Jayanta Mahapatra, A.K. Ramanujan, K.K.N Daruwala, Eunice de Souza, Agha Shahid Ali who have given a new and promising picture to Indian poetry and in their creations, poetry has reached its maximum height.
5. Q.) Write a note on the difference between novel and drama.
Ans:— There many differences between the novel and drama. The main difference between a novel and a drama is derived from the formatting of each piece. A novel is generally written in basic prose while a drama is almost exclusively written in dialogue. A novel can be interepted in many ways. Drama is interepted according to its own characters and they present themselves. The dramatist has no freedom to make any comment on any character or event in person. The three unities — the unities of time, place and action are valuable to a drama. A drama is also divided into acts and scenes. It mainly to be acted on the stage.
6. Q.) How can we improve our English ? [2019]
Ans:— English is not our mother tongue. It is taught as a foreign or second language in India. So, it is not unnatural for Indians to face some problems in learning English. Indians hardly know to pronounce English words and sentences with proper stress and intonation. English syntax is different from the syntax of our own language. The spelling of certain English words to create troubles for Indians. So, they make mistakes while writing or speaking English. For improvily our English. We should first know the right pronunciation of English words. That can be accomplished by listening to B.B.C. and voice of America. We could take the help of cassets also. We must have a good dictionary. We should know the rules of English grammar. But what we need move is practice. Practice of writing and speaking English can improve our English.
7. Q.) Write a short note on Modern English.
Ans:— Modern English is standard English. It is spoken and written in the same way in the larger parts of the world. It has its own standard pronunciation that is known as Received Pronunciation. It is different from old English mainly in spelling. Some old structures of sentences have been discarded. The meanings of some old English words have undergone a complete change Modern English has its own grammar and dictionary. It has many varities belonging to different countries.
8. Q.) Write a short note on Indian English poetry.
Ans:— In Indian English poetry began to be written in the early part of the 19th century. H.C. Derozio, K.P. Ghosh, Toru Dutta, Manmohan Ghosh etc are the pioneers in this field. Sarojni Naidu known as 'The Nightingale of India' composed many lyrics under the influence of great romantic poets of England. R.N. Tagore got Nobel Prize for literature for his masterpiece' Gitanjali'. Aurobindo Ghosh, a seer and nationalist wrote the epic 'Savitri'. Thereafter, a host of writers like Nissim Ezekiel, A.K. Ramanujan, Jayant Mahapatra, P. Lal. Keki N. Daruwala. Shiv. K. Kumar, Kamla Das, etc enriched Indian English poetry with the variety of themes and style.
9. Q.) Write a short note on English as the second language of India.
Ans:— English is taught as the second language in India because Hindi is our national language. However, English has become the language of Science, Commerce and Technology. It is a global language. Therefore, the working knowledge of English is very important for Indians without the knowledge of English. The Prime Minister's compaign of 'Make in India' cannot be successful. English opens new vistas to the latest knowledge acquired by the western countries for Indians. English also functions as a link language between the South and North of India. So, our attitude to English as the second language in India must change. It should be taught to the students from the primary level of education. It is no longer a foreign language. It is the language of the job-marketing, too.
10. Q.) Write a note on old English.
Ans:— In the history of English language the old English period may be termed as its childhood. At that time English was a mixture of different dialects. It was in no way, a standard language. Its words were written and pronounced differently. It had no grammar. It was mostly imitative in nature. Many of old English words and structures have become obsolete and out of use Today.
11. Q.) Why has English become so popular in India ? Give at least three reasons.
Ans:— English is an international language. It is the language of science and commerce. It has a rich treasure of literature. English has become a passport to jobs in India and abroad. Private companies, both Indians and foreign, appoint only those who have a working knowledge of English. English is also a link language in India. In south the knowledge of English is necessary to work in any company there. These are the reasons why English has become so popular in India.
12. Q ) Write a short note on Global English.
Ans:— It is a fact that English is spoken all over the world. The majority of the world population speak English. It is also spoken in the largest number of countries. All the earlier Colonies of the British Empire including India had the presence of this language. The United States has English as its main language. In the European Countries like Russia, France, Germany etc. English is spoken by a large number of people. It is the main language of the United Nations. Even the Chinese people are learning this language in order to compete with the world in the age of global market economy.
12. Q.) Write briefly about the dialects of Middle English.
Ans:— The period from AD 1150 to 1500 is called the Middle English Period in the history of English. During this period English was a mixture of dialects. These dialects were-Northern, Southern, East Midland, West Midland and Kentish. Middle English differed from Modern English in spelling, pronunciating and grammar.
14. Q.) Write a short note on Indian English Novel.
Ans:— A novel is the story of man in society. Fielding has called it, a comic epic in prose. R.K. Narayan, Mulk Raj Anand and Raja Rao are regarded as the pioneers in this field. They established a great tradition. These novels reflect the social, political and cultural life of India. Indian English novel has now got world-wide recognition. Kamla Markanday Nayantara Sahgal. Khushwant Singh, Manohar Malgaonkar, Anita Desai, Arun Joshi, Vikram Seth, Amita Ghos, Arundhati Roy, Kiran Desai, Jhumpa Lahiri etc. have taken Indian English novel to a great height. Indian English novel now displays varieties of themes and techniques. Many of them have globally been acclaimed as great writers of English. Who does not know Salman Rusdie and V.S. Naipaul.
15. Q.) Write a short note on the future of English.
Ans:— The future of English is very bright. It has become a global and international language of science, commerce and technology. It is spoken in several countries. The number of English-speaking people is increasing day by day. It has become the language of Job Market. Even people belonging to non-English countries are learning English and writing in English. English has a bright future.
16. Q.) Who is your favourite English dramatist ? Name five of his works.
Ans:— My favourite English dramatist is G.B. Shaw. His five importants plays are 'Candida' Man and Superman St. Joan' Arms and the Man', The Apple Cart'.
17. Q) write a note on American English. [2018]
Ans:— when the countries like U.S, Australia, Canada, New Zealand become independent of the British Empire, the English language written and spoken there, too, tired to shed off some of the features of Queen English. The people there were not the native speakers of English. So, they created a new variety of English bringing some changes in the original spelling, grammar and pronunciation of the British English. The new variety of English that developed in America after its independence is called American English. The changes can be listed in the way.
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Spelling
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Colour (British)
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Color (American)
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Enclosure (British)
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Inclosure (American)
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Litre (British)
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Liter (American)
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Vocabulary
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Sweets (British)
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Candy (American)
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Biscuits (British)
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Crackers (American)
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Nappy (British)
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Diaper (American)
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Motorcar (British)
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Automobile (American)
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Taxi (British)
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Cab (American)
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Lift (British)
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Elevator (American)
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Grammer
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British
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American
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He has got off the chair
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He has gotten off the chair.
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I have just eaten
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I just ate.
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I am visiting her tomorrow
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I am visiting with her tomorrow.
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I Have not seen her for three months
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I Have not seen her in three months
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In American English in ‘often’ ‘t’ sound is pronounced where as in British English it is silent. The Americans lengthen the vowel sound in words like ‘demand’ and ‘command’ contrary to in the British English.
18. Q.) What are the features of drama ? [2020/2022]
Ans:— The important elements of drama are plot, character, dialogue, gestures, scinie effects, must and soliloquy.
19. Q.) Name the areas where English is used as a second language. [2020/2022]
Ans:— English is used as a second language in many Asian and African countries such as India, Singapore, Malaysia, Nigeria, Namibia, Botswana etc.
20. Q.) What led English to borrowings ? [2020]
Ans:— The English language is in vast debts nearly 80% of the English dictionary words are borrowed from other languages of the world.
21. Q.) What are the dramatic structures of a tragedy ? [2018]
Ans:— The dramatic structures of a tragedy are : Exposition, Rising, Action, Climax, Falling Action and Denouement.
22. Q) Write the names of English poets and their one important poems.
Ans:—
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S.T. Colridge
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‘The Rime of Ancient Mariner’
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T.S. Eliot
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'The Waste Land'
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Chaucer
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'The Canterbury Tales'
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Langland
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'Piers Plowman'
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Spenser
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‘The Faerie queene'
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John Milton
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‘The Paradise Lost’
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John Dryden
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'Mac Flecknoe'
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Alexander Pope
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‘Dunciad’
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William Wordsworth
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‘The Prelude'
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John Keats
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‘The Eve of St. Agnes'
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P. B. Shelley
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‘The Revolt of Islam’
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Lord Tennyson
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'In Memoriam'
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23. Q) Indo-Anglian Poets.
Ans:—
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Vivekanand
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'The cup'
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Sarojini Naidu
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'The village song’
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Sir Aurobindo
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'Sabitri'
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R.N Tagore
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'Heaven of freedom’
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Kamala das
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‘The old Playhouse
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Toru Dutt
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‘Lotus’
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Henry Derojio
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‘My native land’
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Novelists:—
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Khuswant Singh
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‘Train to Pakistan’
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R. K. Narayan
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‘The Guide’
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Mulk Raj Anand
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‘Coolie'
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Raja Rao
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'Kanthapura'
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Aurndhati Roy
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'The God of Small Things'
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Anita Desai
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'Voices in the City'
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Kamla Markandey
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'The Flood'
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Arvind Adige
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'The White Tiger'
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24. Q.) American Novelists and one
of their novels.
Ans:—
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Earnest Hemingway
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‘The Old Man and the Sea’
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Henry James
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‘The Portrait of a Lady’
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Hawthorne
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‘The Scarlet Letter’
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25. Q.) Name three American poets and
one of their poems.
Ans:—
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Walt Whitman
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‘Song of Myself’
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Emily Dickinson
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‘I Could Not Stop for Death’
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Robert Frost
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‘West Running Brook’ |
26. Q.) Name ten British dramatists and
one of their dramas:
Ans:—
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Shakespeare
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‘Othello’
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Marlowe
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‘Edward II’
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Ben Jonson
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‘Volpone’
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Oliver Goldsmith
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‘She Stoops to Conquer’
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Sheridon
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‘The Rivals’
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G. B. Shaw
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‘Candida’
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Wycherley
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‘Country wife’
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Congreve
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‘The Way of the World’
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T. S. Eliot
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‘The Family Reunion’
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Gals worthy
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‘Loyalties’
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27. Q.) Name ten British novelists and
one of their novels.
Ans:—
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Virginia woolf
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‘To the Light house’
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Daniel Defoe
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‘Robinson Crusoe’
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John Bunyan
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‘The Pilgrim's Progress’
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Henry Fielding
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‘Tom Jones’
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Richardson
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‘Pamela’
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Jane Austen
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‘Emma’
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Emily Bronte
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‘Wuthering Heights’
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Walter Scott
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‘Talisman’
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Charles Dickens
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‘A Tale of two Cities’
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Thomas Hardy
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‘The Return of the Native’
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D.H. Lawrence
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‘The Rainbow’
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28. Q.) American dramatists and one of
their dramas.
Ans:—
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Arthur Miller
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‘Death of a Salesman’
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Tennessee William
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‘The Glass Managerie’
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O Neill
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‘Morning Becomes Electra’
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29. Q.) Name two works of Shakespeare. [2018]
Ans:— Twelfth Night and Macbeth.
30. Q.) Name the important elements of a drama.
Ans:— The important elements of a drama are poet, character, dialogue, stage and melody, The Rime of Ancient mariner.
